Experts are warning against self-directed videos following the announcement by the Government that legislation is to be introduced in September to allow wills to be signed remotely using a live video link.
While the coronavirus pandemic continues to pose a challenge for those wishing to have their wills drafted and signed, the announcement does not loosen any of the strict requirements, but instead adds extra complications.
“Many people don’t realise the conditions that must be met if a will is to be valid,” explained Katrina Vollentine, Partner and Head of Department for the wills and trusts team at Wollens. “The requirements are all designed to protect the individual making the will, to protect their interests and their assets, and none of that can be put in jeopardy. Where someone is elderly or unwell, a professional may need to verify their capacity to make decisions and help guard against fraud, undue influence, or even identity theft. A specialist will also check if someone is leaving themselves open to claims on their estate by excluding anyone.”
The move to live video witnessing has been taken on a temporary basis, to enable those needing to make their will to do so while the pandemic continues, particularly those who may be most vulnerable and continuing to self-isolate. But the long-standing rule that the signing and witnessing of a will must take place with the person making the will and the two witnesses all present at the same time, still needs to be satisfied.
“In many ways, the video route places an additional burden on those making and witnessing the will,” added Katrina. “It must be a three-way live video call for each signature, with each individual able to hear and see each other as they make their signature. I would also recommend that after each person has signed that they hold the signed page up, directly to camera, and confirm the action by saying they have done so.
“An accurate record needs to be kept, giving reasons why the method was adopted, and addressing the factors which must be covered when making a will, such as having sound mental capacity, if you are to avoid a challenge to the will at a later date.”
Inevitably there will be a greater risk of wills being challenged, either to argue that the signing did not follow the procedure correctly, or because of the potential for abuse and undue influence, but the move to video witnessing has brought other concerns as well.
One is the inevitable delay while the will is sent around for signature, particularly where the person making the will is in ill health and could die during this time. There are also concerns over a will being lost or damaged in the post.
Another is confidentiality, which may be an issue when the will is being sent to witnesses. Their role is simply to witness the signature, and they would not usually have access to the document to read it, but it will be harder to avoid that with remote witnessing. It means that witnesses must be chosen with more care than usual.
“Also remember that the two witnesses must be over the age of 18, and anyone who stands to benefit from the will cannot be a witness, or their spouse or civil partner,” said Katrina, “and ideally the will itself should record the fact that this form of witnessing has taken place, with a modified clause covering this and confirming whether a recording has been made.”
How live video witnessing works:
The witnesses in a video signing must have a clear line of sight of the person’s face and their hand as they sign their will; it must be done live and cannot be pre-recorded to send to the witnesses.
Once the person making the will has signed, the original document must be taken or sent to each witness as soon as possible. When it arrives, the same process must be followed, with a three-way live video link, where each can see and hear the witness as they sign. As each person signs, the others should acknowledge verbally that they have seen the signing take place.
While there must be a live video link for each signature, it is recommended to record each stage of the signing and this be kept with records outlining why the video witnessing was undertaken.
The new law will be backdated to include wills that were witnessed via video from 31 January 2020 and will remain in force until January 2022 and will also apply to any codicil made to a will.
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This is not legal advice; it is intended to provide information of general interest about current legal issues
